Обґрунтування економічної ефективності використання конвеєрів при транспортуванні насіннєвого матеріалу по криволінійних траєкторіях

Abstract

Запропоновано методику техніко-економічного обґрунтування транспортно-технологічних механізмів (ТТМ), що проводиться на основі їх порівняльного оцінювання з типовими представниками машин, які здійснюють однотипні операції й несуттєво відрізняються за основними параметрами. Наведено аналітичні залежності для визначення основних складових техніко-економічного оцінювання, зокрема принципи економічного розрахунку собівартості виготовлення та експлуатації ТТМ і їх елементів та економічної ефективності оцінювання нових конструкцій ТТМ.

The main operating and loading-unloading members of most agricultural machines are their screw operating members. Their position in the transporting means is in general between 40-50% according to different sources. Their characteristic feature is that, caused by different rheological properties of cargo, which specify the nomenclature and design parameters of screws. The advantages of screw conveyors are their being easily designed and maintained, small overall dimensions loading and unloading convenience, their geometry, etc. Their disadvantages are high specific power consumption, sufficient cargo crashing and grinding, screw operating member and casing wear and their being sensible to the overloading, which result in creation of cargo blocking inside the casing. In spite of the fact, that the scientific papers on the screw conveyors design are available, modern requirements of the agricultural production need improvement of the available constructions and creation of totally new ones, which require certain theoretical and experimental investigations with their further technological-economic interpreting. The method of technical-economic interpreting of transporting-technological mechanisms (TTM), carried out on their comparative estimation with the conventional ones, which perform the same type operations and do not differ sufficiently in to their main operations, has been proposed in the article. Analytical dependencies for determination of main components of the technological-economic estimation, the principle of economic calculation of the manufacturing cost price, TTM and their components maintenance and operation as well as economic effectiveness of the new TTM construction estimation in particular, have been deduced. The application of the tubular scraper cable conveyor for transporting seeds along the curvilinear tracks as compared with the flexible screw conveyor and flexible pneumatic conveyor was found to be very effective and makes the process be more qualitative, decrease the effect on seeds and minimize their injury.