Багатофакторна модель економічної поведінки

Abstract

: , , , , ,, .Узагальнено вказані найвпливовіші й фундаментальні вирішення проблеми економічної поведінки, що пропонує економічна теорія та суміжні науки, коротко охарактеризовано підходи класичної політекономії, маржіналізму, марксизму, економіко-психологічному напрямку, інстітуционалізму та окремих концепцій поведінки індивіда в рамках економічної, соціологічної та психологічної теорій. Окреслено основні тенденції дослідницької роботи за темою.

The most influential and fundamental decisions of economic behavior which are introduced by economic theory and related sciences are generalized; the approaches of classical political economy, marginalism, marxism, economic psychology, institutionalism and separate conceptions of individual’s behavior within the economic, sociological and psychological theory are briefly characterized in the article. The main result of the methodological conception of homo economicus is the model of equilibrium which gives the opportunity to search for ways of rational choice in different economic situations, in different levels of economic systems. This model is out of the competition when it is necessary to analyze the situation of choice with fixed pre-requisites. At the same time, the possibilities of this approach are not enough to explain the existing facts of the transition to a long-term period when the preconditions are changed. However it’s not correct to analyze the modern «economic man» as a simple single-factor model. Detailing was continuous but not always constructive. A «rational maximizer» is the second name and the credo of the «economic man» nurtured by Gossen’s laws and by independent researches of W. Jevons, C. Menger and L. Walras. Formalization in this stage of the economic thought development has reached the extreme: it is about the monistic explanation of the managing subject behavior on the basis of the utility function and the motive for its maximization. The domestic economic science has embraced the idea of «rational maximizer» in the form of an exhaustive interpretation of the theory of general utility. Basic tendencies of this paper research are emphasized.