http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2324 Вісник Тернопільського національного технічного університету імені Івана Пулюя, 2012 рік, том 67, № 3 2026-04-10T15:43:21Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15441 Назва: Результати експериметальних досліджень технологічного процесу вібраційно-відцентрової обробки деталей Автори: Гевко, Б.; Кондратюк, О.; Шаблій, О.; Підгурський, М.; Hewko, B.; Kondratiuk, O.; Shabliy, O.; Pidgursky, M. Короткий огляд (реферат): Наведено результати експериментальних досліджень технологічного процесу вібраційно-відцентрової обробки. Визначено дискретність зміни шорсткості оброблюваної поверхні та шляхи її усунення. Запропоновано конструктивну схему установки для автоматизації технологічного процесу вібраційно-відцентрової обробки, на яку отримано деклараційний патент України.; The construction of vibration-centrifugal device with complex angular vibration and gimbal suspension, which is placed inside the working chamber, for machine parts treatment with low rigidity and complex profile, was presented. Besides, the machine tool is equipped with a device for smooth change of the angular vibration value and rotation frequency control. Block diagram for the control of the vibration-centrifugal treatment process, which allows to avoid the discrete nature of the change of machined surfaces roughness and reduces the time of obtaining a certain or minimum value of surfaces hardness and provides reliable performance of treatment technological process of complex profile and very low rigidity parts. The objective of the work is to study the influence of structural kinematic parameters of chamber inside which parts are machined on the quality of the vibration-centrifugal treatment of parts with complex configuration and low hardness. The results of experimental investigations of the vibration-centrifugal treatment, were presented. The experimental investigations for determining the changes of the parameters of treated surfaces by vibration-centrifugal treatment were done on unhardened samples after turning and milling of steels 40, 40X, Steel 20, St3, brass LS 59-1 with different initial stiffness, cylindrical and prismatic shape. It was found that during the first 15 minutes of treatment there is intensive reduction of microirregularities, the next 15 minutes the intensity of decreasing the heterogeneity is negligible. Within 30 .. 45 minutes the hardness increases, but the roughness parameters Ra being not higher than the initial. The change of the arithmetic deviation of profile stiffness depending on the duration of treatment with different initial stiffness for the above materials was determined. Practical recommendation on the choice of technological parameters of the process of treatment and choice of design parameters settings are presented. 2012-03-22T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15440 Назва: Розширення технологічних можливостей вібраційно-відцентрового оброблення деталей Автори: Гевко, Б.; Кондратюк, О.; Шаблій, О.; Підгурський, М.; Hevko, B.; Kondratyuk, O.; Shabliy, O.; Pidgursky, M. Короткий огляд (реферат): Проведено дослідження взаємодії гранул абразивного середовища з оброблювальною поверхнею в процесі вібраційно-відцентрового оброблення. Технологічний процес оброблення деталей машин вільними абразивами здійснюється в якості зачисного, шліфувального і зміцнювального оброблення деталей складної конфігурації і малої жорсткості має важливе народногосподарське значення. Виявлено закономірності зміни мікрогеометрії і фізико-механічних властивостей поверхневого шару оброблювальної поверхні, проведено експериментальні дослідження у вібраційно-відцентровій установці з робочою камерою в карданному підвісі, кінематика якої забезпечує складні кутові коливання поверхневих точок робочої камери, що відповідає одному із найінтенсивніших видів вібраційного оброблення в сипучому абразивному середовищі.; Vibration processing of details in concrete abrasive environment is commonly used during the final processing which is accompanied by a great number of micro impacts of inter abrasive granules as well as the surface being processed. The technological processes of grinding, polishing and strengthening processing of details are defined by the nature of changing the roughness and physical and mechanical properties of surface layer as well as its strengthening. This phenomenon is defined by the complexity and intensity of movement of working environment and its characteristics. The technological process of vibration processing can be improved with the use of new highly efficient process of centrifugal processing in concrete environment of special cells with additional movements. This process provides the increasing of quality and efficiency of technological process while processing the surfaces of different geometrical complexity. The improvement of intensity and quality of processing the complex non-rigid surfaces of machine details can be reached with the help of vibration centrifugal processing by means of free abrasives in installations with rough kinematical scheme which create complex movement of working medium inside the cell. The movement of working cell can not only be spatial or planetary, it can be made along the complex spatial curve as well. The installations worked out on this basis to process the details in concrete environment with free abrasives provide the increasing of its efficiency and intensity. Thus the theme of the work is to investigate the interaction of free abrasive granules in the working environment with the surface being processed during the vibration process of details and optimization of technological process. The nature of interaction of abrasive granules with the surface being processed is set to depend not only on the power of dynamic impact and its measurements, but on the geometrical form, granularity and so on. The abrasive filler is set to be chosen depending on the nature of operations, requirements to the quality of processing, shape of measurements and properties of details being used, the value of initial roughness of surface and its characteristics. The development of fillers of abrasive concrete working environment of different geometrical form on the basis of highly molecular joints (plastics, foams, resins and so on) allows to change the size, mass, granularity of abrasive constituent fillers. On the basis of carried out research the value of power and technological parameters of technological processing of complex non-rigid details using the free abrasives during the vibration centrifugal processing is develop. 2012-07-03T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15439 Назва: Дослідження стійкості дискових ножів при розрізуванні еластомерів Автори: Гурик, О.; Ляшук, О.; Логуш, І.; Фльонц, О.; Крук, В.; Навродська, Т.; Guryk, O.; Liashuk, O.; Logush, І.; Flionts, O.; Kruk, V.; Navrodska, T. Короткий огляд (реферат): Приведено конструкцію пристрою до заточувального верстата для заточування дискових ножів, ножових блоків для розрізування еластомерів конвеєрних стрічок заданих розмірів. У результаті експериментальних досліджень встановлено межу працездатності ножів у часовому просторі й режими різання та заточування ножів.; The construction of device of the grinding machine for sharpening unit disk blades for cutting elastomers conveyer belts of given size was shown. Industry of Germany exports rubber-cotton conveyer belt in roll of 0,9…2 m width and 50 m length to Ukraine. Special devices with the knives units and possibility of change their location due to the required belt width are used for cutting rolls into strips of the given width. Special devices for simultaneous grinding of two cutting blades was designed and produced with U-type bracket with the possibility of a circular rotation around the vertical axis. Knives unit which was designed as two parallel driven shafts with possibility of cranking circular and axial movement on a special support was installed inside of it. Cutting edges of circular blades are connected with grinding wire cup circles. As a result of experimental research the limit of performance of cutting elements in time space and cutting conditions during sharpening was found. The main problem in the design of cutting disc blades and selection of cutting regimes is their greasing by rubber sticking and fuming, and as a result – pollution of the environment. So, primarily task was to solve the problem with two contradictions: maximum performance of cutting process with the limited cutting speed, and elimination of tools heating to the melting point of the cord material. Limited cutting speed was determined experimentally. As a result of experimental researches rational cutting speed by circular knives within V=0,15-0,25 m/s was found. Diameter of disc blades due to conditions of the drive shaft strength, thickness of the conveyer belt, normal work conditions and other design parameters was selected. It was found that the outer diameter of blades is within 130-150 mm. Sharpening angle was selected experimentally and it is α = 12º, 19º, 25º and 30º. Due to result, of experiments and from the joint of view of stability and normal operation conditions it is recommended to take it within α = 16-22º. Criterion wearing allowance of disk blades was selected as 0,20 mm diameter, which is recommended and confirmed by our researches. 2012-02-14T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15438 Назва: Структурний синтез імпульсних запобіжних муфт і шнеків методом морфологічного аналізу Автори: Гевко, Іван Богданович; Gevko, Iv. Короткий огляд (реферат): Проведено синтез імпульсних запобіжних муфт методом морфологічного аналізу й обрано такі їх основні морфологічні ознаки: ведуча та ведена півмуфти, елемент зачеплення, демпфер, пружний елемент, сприйняття навантаження, гайка. Загальна кількість варіантів конструктивних виконань є досить значною – 59270400 і вимагає значних витрат часу для вибору найкращих рішень. Тому для отримання конструкцій імпульсних запобіжних муфт окремих типів запропоновано складати спрощені матриці, що дозволили обмежити кількість видів виконання конструктивних елементів. Згідно зі скороченою морфологічною матрицею кулачкових запобіжних муфт загальна кількість можливих варіантів становить 1600, а низькочастотних кулькових – 21600. Серед різних варіантів синтезованих схем запобіжних муфт, що мають покращені експлуатаційні характеристики, шляхом експертного оцінювання обрано понад 20. У процесі синтезу шнеків складено морфологічну матрицю й обрано такі основні морфологічні ознаки: жорсткий шнек, гнучкий секційний шнек, гнучкий суцільний шнек, з’єднання шнека. Загальна кількість варіантів шнеків, що синтезуються, є дуже великою і важко піддається повному перебору. Встановлено, що вибір варіанта конструкції шнеків залежатиме, у першу чергу, від характеру виконання процесу і навантаження на гвинт. Тому, виходячи з необхідності забезпечення проектування рівноміцних спіралей, можна обмежити кількість варіантів конструктивних рішень і згенерувати значну кількість працездатних конструкцій.; In the process of the safety clutches synthesis a morphological matrix, which contains the limited amount of elements and connections between them, that present the basic structural features of the safety clutches, was made the followings basic morphological features of the safety clutches are selected: driving and drived half-clutches, clutch element, damper, elastic element, load reception, nut. General number of variants is 59270400, it is hardly to be exceeded and takes much time to choose the best decisions. To simplify the search and to obtain some types of impulsive safety clutches the simplified matrices are made. According to the simplified morphological matrix of the cam safety clutch general number of possible variants is 1600, and low frequency 21600. Among different variants of the synthesized schemes of the safety clutches by means of expert estimation more than 20 were selected. Some are patented in Ukraine. In the process of synthesis of crews a morphological matrix, which contains the limited amount of variants of their implementations and connections, is made. The followings basic morphological features of screws are selected: rigid screw, flexible sectional screw, flexible continuous screw, screw connection. General number of variants of structural application of screws is very large and is hardly to be exceeded. It was found, that the choice of screw construction variant will depend on the character of operation and the loading on the screw. As a result of synthesis, taking into account the necessity to provide the design of equally strong spirals, it is possible to construct a great number of operating constructions. Developed system of coding and synthesis of structural elements of spiral conveyers with the improved technological possibilities allows, while using the proper software and set limitations, to develop and to select the most capable constructions of conveyers, which at the minimum expenses can provide high-quality fulfillment of the transport technological processes. 2012-07-15T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15437 Назва: Взаємозв’язок між конструктивними характеристиками гвинтових механічних систем і захисних механізмів та характеристики навантаження Автори: Гевко, Іван Богданович; Gevko, Iv. Короткий огляд (реферат): Розроблено класифікацію гвинтових транспортно-технологічних механізмів і визначено їх функціональні можливості за: конструктивними особливостями, особливостями гвинтового робочого органу, особливістю конструкції приводного вала, а також за характером виконання операцій, вектором напрямку руху матеріалу, особливістю конструкції жолоба тощо. Розроблено схему взаємозв’язку конструктивних характеристик гвинтових механічних систем і захисних механізмів від характеру навантаження, що накладає відповідні обмеження при конструюванні гвинтових транспортно-технологічних механізмів. Виведено аналітичні залежності визначення сил і пружних деформацій гвинтового робочого органу гвинтових транспортно-технологічних механізмів і максимального крутного моменту, на передачу якого повинна налаштовуватися запобіжна муфта даної системи.; Classification of spiral transport technological mechanisms are developed and their functional possibilities are found according to: structural features, characteristics of spiral working organ, feature of the shaft, and due to the operations character, according to vector of direction of material motion, according to the characteristic of the chamber design, etc. It was found that the productivity of multispiral screw workings organs is greater anespiral, and the direction of the load motion in the conveyer depends on the direction of rotation and direction of screw coils. The loading of the material is performed through the holes in the chamber gate, through the loading attachments and from a bunker. Unloading can be in different places of the conveyer through openings. It was found the transport technological mechanisms can be with permanent and cyclic principle of work as to the principle of operation. It was determined, that the selection of spiral transport technological mechanisms is conducted on the basis of their comparative estimation with the typical representatives of machines, which carry out of the same type operations and economic factor. The basis of comparisons is highly efficient spiral transport technological mechanisms, their initial cost, operation cost (expenditures for personnel payment, power expenses, maintenance and repair cost), productivity and the quality of the technological process. The scheme of relation of the structural characteristics of the spiral mechanical system and protective mechanisms depending on the character of loading which cause certain limitations while constructing of spiral transport technological mechanisms and maximal response moment the transmission of which the safety clutch of this system must be fitted, were found. 2012-06-03T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15436 Назва: Розширення технологічних можливостей гвинтових конвеєрів Автори: Гевко, Іван Богданович; Дячун, А.; Любачівський, Р.; Gevko, І.; Dyachun, A.; Lyubachivskyy, R. Короткий огляд (реферат): Наведено нові типи конструкції гвинтових конвеєрів з розширеними технологічними можливостями для транспортування, вентиляції, змішування, зволоження та інших операцій. Виведено аналітичні залежності для визначення конструктивних, кінематичних і технологічних параметрів запропонованих модифікацій гвинтових конвеєрів. Представлені конструкції захищено деклараційними патентами на корисні моделі України.; One of the prerequisites of high competitive ability of enterprises is the further improvement of structural and technological parameters of screw conveyors with advanced technological features that promotes productivity and work quality, as well as requires a fundamentally new approach to the creation and use of highly efficient energy-saving technical systems. New types of designs of screw conveyors with advanced technological capabilities for transportation, ventilation, mixing, grinding, moisturing, squeezing of juice and other operations are proposed. The characteristics of screw conveyors is that in their design the new types of mechanisms were introduced such as the principle of vibration during transportation to avoid dead zones, which reduce conveyor productivity, increase power consumption and reduce transportation process. The design of conveyor with gear-lard mechanism that provides a significant improvement in the quality of mixing is proposed. New designs of screw conveyors with improved technical and economic parameters based on the principle of centrifugal and gravitational action, design versatility with the ability to perform multiple operations are available now. Analytical dependences to determine the performance of screw conveyors with regard to the physical and mechanical properties of transporting materials, construction features of additional nodes and kinematic and technological parameters are developed. Analytical expressions for calculating the structural parameters of the mechanism of larding the screw conveyor with gear-lard mechanism are analyzed as well as the screw conveyor of a mixer with closed-cycle operation. Analytical dependences for determining the minimum angular speed of rotation of conveyor gear-lard mechanism, are developed as well as the analytical dependence for determining the cost of power consumption of the proposed modifications of screw conveyors. The proposed designs of new types of screw conveyors for various additional manufacturing operations are patented. 2012-03-01T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2375 Назва: Кусково-однорідна ортотропна пластинка з коловим розрізом, береги якого частково контактують при згині Автори: Сяський, Андрій Олексійович; Музичук, Катерина Петрівна; Syasky, A.; Muzychuk, K. Короткий огляд (реферат): Розглянуто задачу згину нескінченної кусково-однорідної ортотропної пластинки з коловим розрізом на лінії розділу матеріалів за умови часткового контактування його берегів. Математичну модель для цієї задачі побудовано у вигляді системи сингулярних інтегрально-диференціальних рівнянь з логарифмічними ядрами. Дослідження впливу ортотропії матеріалу пластинки на розподіл компонент напруженого стану на контурі колового отвору в пластинці і диску здійснено числовими методами механічних квадратур і колокації.; Solution of the mixed contact problem for the infinite orthotropic plate with the circular hole and the circular elastic isotropic disk which are soldered together in the part of common contour, and in the remaining contour the through cut is available between them, is introduced. Under uniformly distributed bending moments at infinity in the directions of coordinate axes and concentrated bending moments applied in the disk center, the edges of the cut contact partly on the line in the top face of the plate. Frictional forces are considered not to be available on the contact zone. The solving of the problem includes the determination of the stress state components on the contour hole of the plate, the size and the position of the contact zone. The stress state of the composite plate under of this load is presented as the superposition of the generalized two-dimensional stress state and the bending strain according to the technical theory of the bending plate. According to the statement of the problem boundary conditions in the contact zone are formulated as equality of the normal displacements of contour points on the top face of the plate and the disk. In the zone of soldered joint the perfect mechanical contact is available that is why the boundary conditions of the problem are written as equality of contact forces and contact moments and also as equality of the displacement vector components and rotation angle of normal line to the mean plane of the plate and the disk. The expressions for determination of the strain state components of the plate and the disk are presented from the contact stresses on the line of delimiting materials as integral relations with logarithmic kernels and the relations of the hoop stresses, moments and the rotational moments. Their substitution into the boundary conditions results in the system of singular integral-differential equations for finding functions, from which the contact stresses and moments are expressed. This system is enforced by power and moment conditions of equilibrium of the disk and the single-valuedness condition of flexure plate, which being combined determine the mathematical model of the problem, the exact solution of which can not be found. For its approximate solution the structure for finding functions about the ends of the contact zone and the zone of soldered joint was found. At the ends of the zone of soldered joint the contact stresses and moments are of the root feature. The finding functions are similar. In the contact zone solution of the system is chosen in the class of functions limited at its ends. The approximate solution of the problem was built by the method of mechanical quadrature and collocation. For an infinite orthotropic plate with circular cut, the edges of which partly contact under the unilateral bending at infinity, the influence of material orthotropy of the plate and the size of the zone of soldered joint on the distribution of the force and moment stresses on the line of delimiting materials of the plate and the disk was investigated. The research was conducted for five different orthotropic materials. The results of numerical calculation of the stress state components are illustrated on the graphs. The size and the position of the contact zone are determined by the method of dichotomy. The results of its calculation for different materials are presented in the table. 2012-07-25T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2374 Назва: Концентрація напружень та ефективні механічні характеристики пластинок із подвійно періодичними системами підкріплених отворів Автори: Сулим, Георгій Теодорович; Пастернак, Ярослав Михайлович; Куцик, С.; Sulym, H.; Pasternak, Ia.; Kutsyk, S. Короткий огляд (реферат): Використовуючи модифікацію методу граничних елементів, розглянуто подвійно періодичні системи отворів довільної форми із тонкими замкненими та розімкненими накладками. Обчислено концентрацію напружень та ефективні механічні характеристики таких композицій для різних відстаней між круговими отворами, відносних жорсткостей накладки та характеристик анізотропії матеріалу матриці.; Modern high-tech devices and machines are designed using mainly composite materials, since the latter are lightweight and provide desired rigidity and durability. A lot of attention is paid to the usage of perforated plates, in which edges of the holes are enforced by thin overlays. Therefore, this study is concerned with the analysis of doubly periodic sets of enforced holes. Based on the previously developed boundary element technique for doubly periodic problems and models of thin overlays, the efficient approach is developed for studying effective properties and stress concentration in perforated plates with enforced holes. The enforcements can be both closed and opened. First an infinite plate with doubly periodic fully enforced holes is considered. With the increase of the relative rigidity of an overlay, effective elastic moduli of the perforated plate expectedly increase. The smaller is the distance between holes the higher is the increase in effective elastic moduli. It is clear, that in the case of holes without enforcement (or an overlay of a very small rigidity) the closer are the holes, the lower are effective properties of the plate. For an anisotropic plate with holes the increase in rigidity of isotropic overlays gives different change in elastic moduli in different directions. The growth of the effective modulus in a direction perpendicular to fibers is the highest. The thinner is an overlay the more evident is an influence of its bending not only on the effective properties of the composite, but also on the maximal Mises stress in it. In particular, local maxima of Mises stress increases with the decrease of the thickness of enforcements. With the increase in the relative rigidity of overlays the longitudinal force and bending moment in each overlay also increase. The higher is the distance between holes the higher are the force and bending moment. This behavior should be accounted for during the design of perforated composite plates. Also the plate with a doubly periodic set of holes with a square lattice is considered. The edge of each hole is conditionally divided into six symmetric and identical parts, three of which are enforced with overlays. For the considered geometrical configuration of the opened reinforcements one of the effective moduli practically does not change with an increase in the rigidity of overlays. At the same time this increase significantly influences another elastic modulus and also effective shear modulus. This behavior is explained by the fact that selected arrangement of overlays “works” for tension/compression in one direction better than in other. Therefore, the usage of opened overlays allows changing effective properties of the perforated plate in the given direction, thus, establishing the desired anisotropy of the material. The numerical data obtained using proposed boundary element approach was verified by the commercial finite element software. Relative deviation of both approaches did not exceed 3 %. However, the advantages of the proposed approach are obvious, since it requires only boundary mesh, and no periodic boundary conditions are required to imposed, as they are already incorporated in the boundary integral equations used. 2012-06-27T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2373 Назва: Зіставлення результатів експериментальних та числових досліджень механічного з’єднання арматурних стрижнів обтискною муфтою Автори: Сулим, Георгій Теодорович; Кузь, Ольга Назарівна; Sulym, G.; Kuz’, O. Короткий огляд (реферат): За допомогою числового та експериментального методів розглянуто проблему механічного з’єднання пружних арматурних стрижнів обтискною муфтою. Поставлено відповідну тривимірну контактну задачу теорії пружності. Між арматурою та муфтою вибирались умови ідеального механічного контакту. Осесиметричність прикладеного навантаження та зроблені припущення щодо виступів арматури дозволили розв’язувати поставлену задачу в осесиметричній постановці. Для її числового розв’язування використовувався варіаційно-різницевий метод, який був адаптований до незв’язних областей та областей з криволінійною межею. Для розв’язування отриманих після дискретизації систем лінійних алгебраїчних рівнянь використовувався комбінований ітераційний процес, який містив ґрадієнтний метод і метод з чебишевським набором ітераційних параметрів. Розроблений пакет програмних продуктів дозволяє враховувати різні крайові умови, параметри області та характеристики матеріалів. Використовуючи наведений вище числовий метод, а також експериментальний метод фотопружності, було отримано діаграми різниць головних напружень. Зіставлення цих результатів показало їхнє якісне співпадіння, що підтвердило вірогідність числової реалізації.; The prefabricated and ferroconcrete elements require the reinforcement by long armature bars. Since the length of armature bars produced on the native metallurgical plants does not exceed 12m, the problem of firm connection of such armature bars often arises. The mechanical connection of armature bars by a pressing socket is one of the effective method of armature connection. This method is simple, inexpensive and technological, however its possibilities are not completely used because of insufficient learning. Therefore, in this paper the problem of mechanical connection of armature bars by a pressing socket is considered. A contact 3D problem of the theory of elasticity is formulated. Conditions of ideal mechanical contact between armature bars and socket are used. Axe-symmetry of applied load and making assumption about lug of the armature bars permit to solve the problem in axe-symmetrical formulation. Effective numerical methods for solving 2D (axe-symmetrical) problems related to the theories of elasticity and plasticity have been worked out. The variation-difference method of building finite difference schemes is extended to domains with curvilinear boundaries and disconnected domains. For solving the resultant systems of linear equations, it is proposed that combined iterative methods (gradient and cyclic Chebyshev’s) should be used. The elaborated software ensures solving these and other problems with different boundary conditions, medium and domain parameters. On the strength of variation-difference method the diagram of difference of the main stresses is obtained. Using experimental photoelasticity method, the diagram of difference of the main stresses is also obtained. The comparison of these diagrams shows their qualitative similarity which confirms reliability of the numerical realization. 2012-07-02T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2372 Назва: Технологія формування епоксикомпозитних покриттів з волокнистими і дисперсними наповнювачами Автори: Стухляк, Петро Данилович; Добротвор, Ігор Григорович; Stuhljak, P.; Dobrotvor, I. Короткий огляд (реферат): Розроблено технологічні схеми формування епоксикомпозитних захисних покриттів з комбінованим наповненням мінеральними волокнами та дисперсними наповнювачами на робочі поверхні технологічного обладнання. Схеми побудовано на основі досліджень умов формування структур композитних матеріалів у зонах міжфазних взаємодій біля поверхні наповнювача.; The development of polymer composite materials (CM) for components of the process equipment is based on the study of physical and chemical processes in the system, "the matrix-filler." In the solid state epoxy polymers possess complex of valuable technical properties: cohesive and adhesive strength, chemical resistance and dielectric performance. Modification of filler followed by UVR compositions provides increased speed of matrix stitching and significant increase in the degree of gel formation fraction with aluminum oxide and basalt fibers contain as compared with other studied materials. Based on the performed studies, methods and ways of improvement of the wear resistance of the material were developed. A new polymer СM and coatings based on them to protect equipment from the surfaces of complex profile, as well as technologies for their formation were created. Increased performance of the developed coatings demonstrates their high efficiency and the need to broaden their production. The method of forming epoxy composite coatings and technological scheme of composite material with fiberfill and protective coatings manufacturing equipment is proposed in the paper. Flowsheet consists of 4 stations. Each station is connected respectively with each other in order to improve the quality of CM. Setting for external protective coating can be carried out in a mobile version. Control of chemical and physical interaction mechanisms at the interface provides the ability to adjust the parameters of the structure of the matrix and as a result – their performance. That is why presented development of the technology combining the components in the composite for their implementation in the industrial production is of great importance as well the need to broaden implementation in enterprises of different industries in Ukraine. 2012-09-03T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2371 Назва: Коливання ортотропної панелі подвійної кривини з множиною отворів довільної конфігурації Автори: Шопа, Тетяна Василівна; Shopa, T. Короткий огляд (реферат): В рамках уточненої моделі, яка враховує деформацію поперечного зсуву, побудовано розв’язок задачі про усталені коливання ортотропної панелі подвійної кривини з довільною кількістю отворів довільної геометричної форми, орієнтації та розташування. Зовнішня границя панелі є довільної геометричної конфігурації. Розглянуто довільні гармонічні в часі граничні умови на контурах отворів та на зовнішній границі панелі. Розв’язок побудовано на основі непрямого методу граничних елементів та секвенціального підходу до зображення функції Гріна. Крайові задачі зведено до систем лінійних алгебраїчних рівнянь.; In the framework of the refined theory, which takes into account transverse shear deformation and all inertial components including rotary inertia, the solution of the problem on the steady state vibrations of the orthotropic doubly curved panel with the arbitrary number of holes of the arbitrary geometrical form, orientation, and location is constructed. The panel of the uniform thickness with constant curvatures is considered. External boundary of the panel is of the arbitrary geometrical configuration. This object can be obtained as the result of an arbitrary cut out from the doubly curved panel of the canonical rectangular shape. Arbitrary harmonic in time boundary conditions are considered, both on the contours of the holes and on the external boundary of the panel. The solution of the system of five partial differential equations in the multi-connected domain with the non-homogeneous boundary conditions of different types is built on the basis of the indirect boundary elements method. The Green’s functions are found on the base of the sequential approach to the representation of the Dirac delta function (as the sequence of the delta-like functions) and the Fourier series method. The boundary value problems are reduced to the systems of the Fredholm type integral equations on the base of indirect boundary element method and are solved by the collocation method. The cases of external and internal boundaries of the panel with the corner points, and the cases of holes degenerated into the cracks can be analysed within the solutions constructed. The solutions for arbitrary mixed cases of the boundary conditions can be obtained on the base of integral equations constructed in the paper. Different arbitrary mixed boundary conditions on all subsections, both of the external boundary and of the contours of the cutouts, are also allowed. The solutions of the analogical problem for the plate can be considered as the partial case. Some aspects of the efficient numerical schemes of the collocation method in order to obtain the convergent solutions for the ill-posed problems, considering Fredholm integral equations of the first kind and the cases of non-smooth boundaries, are discussed. 2012-08-27T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2370 Назва: Методологія аналізу поперечних коливань прямокутних багатопрогонових пластин змінної згинальної жорсткості Автори: Распопов, Олександр Сергійович; Сулим, Георгій Теодорович; Лучко, Йосип Йосипович; Raspopov, O.; Sulim, G.; Luchko, J. Короткий огляд (реферат): Викладено загальну методологію аналізу поперечних коливань прямокутних багатопрогонових ізотропних і трансверсально ізотропних пластин з дискретно змінюваною в одному паралельному до якоїсь пари сторін напрямі згинальною жорсткістю та при використанні перпендикулярних до цього напряму пружних щодо вертикальних переміщень і кутів повертання лінійних опор з рівномірним розподілом уздовж них зосереджених мас (включень, накладок). Для побудови частотних характеристичних рівнянь розрахунку власних частот використовується метод початкових параметрів і асоційованих матриць, а також теорія скінченних автоматів з елементами математичної логіки. Розглянуто приклади застосування методу.; The paper briefly describes the general methodology for the analysis of transverse vibrations of rectangular isotropic and transversely isotropic multispan plates with the bending rigidity, which discretely varies in parallel towards to an arbitrary pair of sides, and using linear bearings perpendicular to this direction, which are elastic towards the vertical displacements and rotation angles, with uniform distribution of the concentrated masses along them (inclusions, stringers). Two opposite edges parallel to the direction of change of the properties of the plate are hinge supported or fixed with sliding, and two others satisfy the arbitrary fixing homogeneous conditions. The research starting point is based on the assumption of possibility of division of the plate onto strips, which are perpendicular to the direction of change of properties, such that certain sections coincide with the beginning or the end of each of the spans, and that within each strip the thickness and/or elastic modulus are constant or can be considered constant with sufficient accuracy. Each section is assumed to be a plate or a beam loaded in joint-sections by supporting forces and moments arising from the interaction of the considered strips with neighboring ones and hinge or sliding supported edges perpendicular to these strips. As each section is described by specific values of the component of the linear and angular displacements and components of internal forces and moments that form the state vector S, with introduction into the consideration of the influence matrix the relationship between the state vectors of the edge section of each of the strips can be obtained. As a result the calculation of the plate is reduced to the analysis of the single object loaded by given forces and additional supporting ones. This allows describing in binary form of topological code of the primary (PP) and the end values (KP) of boundary parameters (conditions) of the graph of investigated elements in the case of calculating the transverse vibrations of the plate using the same number (on two) of arbitrary and fixed parameters. To construct the frequency characteristic equations for calculation of eigenfrequencies the methods of initial parameters and associated matrices, and finite-state machine theory with elements of mathematical logic are used. As an example, it is shown that in the case of the analysis of the plate, one end of which is fixed, and the second is hinge supported or two opposite edges are fixed, and two others are hinge supported, obtained equation of frequency are the same as those obtained using other methods. The oscillations of orthotropic plates subject to forces of inertia of rotation, displacement and longitudinal forces are also considered. Based on the solution of the problem of vibration of cross-beams systems the examples of calculation of circular frequencies of orthotropic plates are considered. 2012-09-25T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2369 Назва: Трибологічна поведінка електродугових покриттів із порошкових дротів системи Fe-Cr-B-Al за робочих умов штоків запірних вентилів ТЕС Автори: Похмурський, Василь Іванович; Студент, Михайло Михайлович; Ступницький, Тарас Романович; Гвоздецький, Володимир Миколайович; Сірак, Ярина Ярославівна; Pokhmurskyy, V.; Student, M.; Stupnytskyy, T.; Gvozdeckii, V.; Sirak, Y. Короткий огляд (реферат): Досліджено трибологічну поведінку електродугових покриттів із ПД системи Fe-Cr-B-Al за робочих умов штоків запірних вентилів ТЕС. Встановлено, що коефіцієнт тертя досліджуваних покриттів за умов сухого тертя та прикладеному навантаженні більше 4 МПа є таким же, як і для сталі ШХ 15. Виявлено, що дані покриття добре працюють у контакті з графітовим ущільненням. Також виявлено позитивний вплив просочування електродугових покриттів синтетичними оливами для умов роботи сухого тертя, що зумовлено їхньою структурою, і не залежить від системи легування.; The tribological behavior of arc sprayed coatings made of Fe-Cr-B-Al cored wires has been investigated under the service conditions of the heat power plant valve spindle. The arc sprayed coatings have a characteristic lamella structure, lamellas being the solidified droplets separated by oxide films of different nature and thickness, the grinded surface of which is the composite –in the matrix from steel lamellas the particles of oxide phases are available, therefore the structure of such coatings causes their special tribological behavior. It was investigated, that in the dry friction condition under loading of 2 MPa, the friction coefficient of the ШХ 15 steel is lower than for the coating obtained from Fe-Cr-B-Al cored wire, and is equal to 0.32, and under loading more than 4 MPa it equals 0.42. It testifies that under loading less than 2 MPa the tribological properties of ШХ 15 steel are better, however with the increase of loading this phenomenon is not available. It was suggested to investigate the influence of solid lubricant CaF2 on the friction coefficient behavior of arc sprayed coatings made of Fe-Cr-B-Al cored wires. The adding of the CaF2 powder to the mixture of cored wires provides the change of the coating friction coefficient and its behavior is similar to the behavior of the ШХ 15 steel friction coefficient, but, nevertheless, the nominal values are too high and under loading – 5 MPa it equals 0.4. It was found that under the dry friction condition when the loading was 5-6 MPa the temperature on the surface of the coating equals 250-300ºС and the oxide films are formed there. The oxide film is formed on the surface on steel – less-alloyed Cr, on coatings – much-alloyed Cr. In the friction tests these oxide films break and form abrasive particles which cause the significant abrasive wear of both, coating and counterbody – 3X13 steel. It was found that such coatings have very low values of friction coefficients – 0.12-0.15 under conditions of the dry friction in contact with counterbody with built-in graphite. Moreover, with the increase of loading from 2 to 10 MPa the friction coefficient decreases. It was explained by the fact that arc sprayed coatings have on its surface pores and the graphite is accumulated in them during friction and then it forms the boundary friction film on the friction surface. It was found that during wear resistance tests the ШХ15 steel wears the least but its counterdody made of 3X13 steel is subject to significant wear under the dry friction condition, therefore the total wear of this friction pair is higher than for the arc sprayed coating. The positive influence of sealing arc sprayed coatings with synthetic oil was revealed too for the dry friction condition. It was determined that sealing of arc sprayed coatings made of Fe-Cr-B-Al cored wires with synthetic oil Synth 5W40 provides the increasing of their wear resistance in 12 times as compared with those made of ШХ 15 steel and in 9 times as compared with unsealed coatings. The sealed arc sprayed coatings made of Fe-Cr-C-Al cored wires provide the increase of their wear resistance in 9 times in comparison with ШХ 15 steel and in 5 times as compared with unsealed coatings. Such influence of sealing coatings with oil on their wear resistance is likely to be caused by their structure which depends on spraying parameters and doesn’t depend on their alloying system. 2012-09-11T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2368 Назва: Фактори, що впливають на швидкість повертання перицентра планет Автори: Пастернак, Р.; Пастернак, М.; Pasternak, R.; Pasternak, M. Короткий огляд (реферат): Беручи до уваги відмінності релятивістського формулювання закону тяжіння від класичного в роботі показано, що швидкість повертання перигелію планет можна з достатньою точністю моделювати і в рамках релятивістської механіки.; . One of the most precise tools for studying gravitational properties of matter is the effect of rotation of planets’ pericenter. Particularly, most of the spatial displacement of the perihelion of Mercury, which is caused by mutual influence of the planets, was calculated by Le Verrier based on the Newton’s law of inverse squares, and the discrepancy was later explained within the framework of general relativity. As a specific result is desirable to be obtained by the similar methods, there were attempts to apply the apparatus of relativistic mechanics for solving this problem; nevertheless, the calculated century bias of perihelion was three times less than observed one. However, in the relativistic problem of the bias rate of Mercury’s perihelion one should account for not only the equations of motion, but also other factors such as oblateness of the Sun, the orbital-rotational interaction of the planets, the redistribution of energy in the relativistic problem of two bodies, factors associated with modification of Newton’s law of gravity etc. On the other hand, there is increasing interest to the drawbacks of the general theory of relativity. Particularly, the latter cannot solve the problem of singularity with it internal contradictions with the field theory, the problem of torsion field is waiting for its solution. It is therefore important to consider some gravitational effects on related models, in particular within the framework of relativistic mechanics. This paper shows that additional contribution to Mercury’s perihelion bias rate is caused by three main factors: periodic relativistic change in mass of the planet, the difference between relativistic gravitational field and Newtonian one, and the relativistic moment of force. The last two factors in the literature have not yet been considered. The consequence of relativistic moment of force is to reverse the Lense–Thirring effect in special relativity, i.e. it leads to rotation of the Sun. This paper proves that within the framework of relativistic mechanics it is possible to calculate the rate of Mercury’s perihelion rotation with sufficient accuracy. The analysis held has shown that with the consistent observance of conservation laws there are no significant limitations in using the apparatus of relativistic mechanics for the analysis of planetary motion. 2012-07-02T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2367 Назва: Тиск циліндричного кругового штампа на трансверсально-ізотропний шар при неідеальному тепловому контакті Автори: Окрепкий, Богдан Степанович; Шелестовська, Марія Яківна; Okrepkiy, B.; Shelestovska, M. Короткий огляд (реферат): Побудовано розв’язок осесиметричної контактної задачі термопружності про тиск циліндричного кругового трансверсально-ізотропного штампа на пружний трансверсально-ізотропний шар з урахуванням неідеального теплового контакту між штампом і шаром. Отримано формули для визначення температурного поля і нормального напруження. Досліджено вплив контактної провідності й коефіцієнтів анізотропії матеріалів на розподіл температурних полів і нормального напруження у зоні контакту двох тіл.; Determination of the contact stresses taking into account the temperature fields are of importance for the investigation of the machine parts and construction elements strength in the area of their interrelation and while calculating elastic base constructions in order to use properly the construction material and the supporting power of the base. Solution of the axis symmetric contact task of thermo – elasticity of the cylinder circular transversal – isotropic punch stress on the elastic transversal- isotropic layer, which is free of friction, on the rigid base taking into account non-ideal thermal contact between the punch and the layer was built. The layer surface outside the contact area is free of the outside forces. Stress tangents on the contact area equal zero. In the lower part of the layer surface the vertical displacements and tangent stresses equal zero. In the free side of the cylinder the constant temperature is kept and the side surface of the cylinder is heat-insulated. The heat contact between the punch and the layer is expected to be non-ideal. Heat exchange with the outside medium occurs on the free surfaces of the layer according to the Newton’s law. Under given assumptions the method of determination the temperature fields in the cylinder and in the layer as well as the normal contact stresses has been developed. Equation of heat conductivity and thermo- elasticity for the layer was solved taking advantage of the Hankel integral transformation method. The temperature field in the cylinder was found by the Fourier method. Thus, displacement and stress in the transversal –isotropic layer is presented as the Hankel integrals, including some unknown functions, which are found from the boundary conditions of the task. The temperature field in the cylinder is expressed by means of the unlimited system of coefficients. Providing the boundary conditions of the task results in the system of the integral equations, which connect these unknown functions with the coefficients, which characterize the temperature field, and as a result, the Fredgolm integral equation of the second kind relatively the function is obtained, due to which normal contact stresses under the punch are expressed. The Fredgolm integral equation of the second kind was solved by the numerical method using the system of the linear algebraic equations. The numerical example for the transversal isotropic magnesium was analysed. The effect of the contact conductivity and isotropic coefficients of materials on the distribution of the temperature and the temperature component of the normal stress in the area of contact of the body system cylinder layer has been analysed. 2012-09-10T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2364 Назва: Про розсіювання енергії в циклічно навантажуваному контакті зубця з шарошкою Автори: Корнута, Володимир Андрійович; Шацький, Іван Петрович; Kornuta, V.; Shatsky, I. Короткий огляд (реферат): Проведено порівняльний якісний аналіз роботи двокомпонентного та трикомпонентного з’єднань “шарошка-зубець” з урахуванням мікропроковзування під циклічним навантаженням. Розглянуто реологічні моделі з’єднань як систем із зосередженими параметрами. Пропонований підхід допускає аналітичне описання фізичних співвідношень за будь-якої програми немонотонного навантаження. Описано розсіювання енергії у фрикційному контакті та побудовано петлі конструкційного гістерезису. Встановлено залежність величини розсіяної енергії від порогового значення сили зрушування. Виявлено зменшення дисипації енергії у фрикційних контактах трикомпонентного з’єднання з оптимально підібраними натягами відносно двокомпонентного з’єднання з оптимальним натягом. Наведено приклади розрахунку. Проведений аналіз підтвердив сприятливий вплив раціонально спроектованої додаткової втулки на підвищення довговічності озброєння бурових шарошкових доліт.; The problem of rational design of cone bits carbide-tipped armament for oil and gas industry needs is being considered. Previously the authors had found a significant increase of load capacity of pressure coupling with intermediate elastic sleeve under the impact of monotonous static load. In the presenedt article a comparative qualitative analysis of two-component and three-component junctions "pin-cone" under the impact of cyclic loading has been carried out taking into account the microslip in frictional contacts. Rheological models of compounds are considered as systems with lumped parameters, which are built using the Hooke’s and Saint-Venant’s elements. The proposed approach allows analytical description of the physical relationship for any program of nonmonotonic loading.The equations of curves of unloading and then repeated loading have been obtained basing on the Masing’s principle from the formulas for the active load. For zero-to-compression stress cycle the energy dissipation in frictional contact have been described and loops of construction hysteresis have been built. For both variants of the considered structures the dissipated energy values dependence on the force threshold values, when moving starts, has been found. The decrease of energy dissipation in frictional contact three-component compounds with optimally selected tightness relative to two-component compounds with optimal tension is shown. The examples of calculation are given for pressure coupling in the case, when both sleeve and toothed wheel are made of the same materials. The results of the calculation testify that, in the case when the load capacity for the optimal design of three-component compound under one-act load is 30% higher than the same for the two-component compounds, the threshold value of microslip moving start effort for design with a bushing is only in 20% higher than the same value for construction without a bushing. Smaller effect is explained by the fact that three-component optimal design,t constructions is optimized for strength balance by equivalent stresses, but not for the tangential stresses in contacts. The analysis testified the favorable effect of the rationally designed bushing on the reduce of the rate of contact wear and, consequently, on the improvement of armament of roller cone drill bits durability. To improve the analytic estimations obtained the numerical analysis for the optimization by most durability criteria for the contacting objects should be used taking into consideration the model with distributed parameters by elastic-plastic deformation. 2012-04-17T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2363 Назва: Напружений стан вузла з’єднання колектора з корпусом парогенератора ПГВ-1000М з каверною Автори: Банько, С.; Ban’ko, S. Короткий огляд (реферат): Представлено розрахунковий аналіз пружно-пластичного напруженого стану вузла з’єднання «гарячого» колектора з корпусом парогенератора ПГВ-1000М з дефектом у вигляді плоскої напівеліптичної каверни, розташованої на внутрішній поверхні патрубка вузла з’єднання в області галтельного переходу. Проведено оцінювання впливу геометричних параметрів каверни на напружений стан в околиці її вершини при моделюванні повторно статичних експлуатаційних навантажень парогенератора.; The paper presents a numerical stress-state analysis of the weldment joining the “hot” header to the PGV-1000M steam generator. This weld joint has a defect in the form of a plane semielliptical cavity located on the inner wall of the nozzle, near the fillet. The numerical elastic-plastic analysis is performed using a three-dimensional model and SPACE-RELAX software. The stress state around the cavity is determined using a specially developed procedure to generate a regular finite-element mesh that is locally refined toward the cavity tip. The finite-element model of the steam generator was fragmented using a two-stage procedure involving the solution of the elastic-plastic problem for (i) the main model and (ii) a fragment of the weld joint with the cavity. The plane cavity with ellipsoidal tip located on the weld joint fillet, in the zone of peak tensile axial stresses determined at the first stage, is modeled. The solution is obtained for the following sequence of service loads on the weld joint: hydraulic testing – unloading – normal operation. The effect of the loading history on the stress state near the cavity is assessed by comparing the normal-operation calculations made with and without regard to the loading history. The effect of the geometrical parameters of the cavity on the stress state near its tip is evaluated during the simulation of repeated static service loads on the steam generator. The distribution of the axial and hoop stresses over the cross-section of the cavity that passes through its front and is perpendicular to the header axis is determined. Plots of the distribution of the axial and hoop stresses ahead of the cavity tip are presented. 2012-07-12T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2362 Назва: Прийняття рішень з управління ризиками при оцінюванні стану об’єктів критичного застосування на основі нечітких суджень Автори: Скатков, О.; Маловик, К.; Ловягін, В.; Skatkov, A.; Malovik, C.; Loviahin, V. Короткий огляд (реферат): Розглянуто проблему прийняття рішень з управління ризиками при оцінюванні стану об’єктів критичного застосування на основі нечітких суджень. Запропоновано оцінювати стан об’єктів критичного застосування (ОКЗ) на основі непараметричних статистичних критеріїв та перевірці статистичних гіпотез. Проведено низку експериментів, що узагальнюють окремі випадки обліку невизначеності на різних етапах оцінювання стану ОКЗ.; Providing of reliability of critical facilities is one of the most important tasks of their operation. To solve the synthesis problem reliable systems is necessary to collect and analyze information about the defects and emergencies that arise. It is proposed to solve the task of collecting and analyzing operational data on the critical application objects on the basis of non-parametric statistical tests. Estimation of the critical application objects should be based on the expert judgment. The authors of this paper propose to consider judgments of experts in a fuzzy form. The objective of this paper is to study the possibility of accounting of uncertainty and fuzzy expert judgments at various stages of state estimation of the critical applications objects. The process of monitoring and collecting statistical information on functioning of critical application has the following features: lack of information, complexity of the system construction for total monitoring. Thus, for providing reliability for critical applications objects it is needed to solve several problems, increasing the efficiency of statistical methods for analysis of small samples in particular. The research of the external factors effect strength on the critical objects is based on the accepted or rejected hypotheses H0 and H1. Null hypothesis H0 deals with the fact that everywhere in the determination field the distribution values function of the output characteristics is statistically negligible. Hypothesis H1 correctness testifies that the object of critical application has undergone significant external effect. To investigate the effectiveness of statistical criteria for testing hypotheses about homogeneity of statistical material and risk of false decision estimations software and hardware complex was purposed – research workbench. The investigation process is a set of experiments that allow to obtain the risk at different combinations of input parameters estimation. On the basis of experimental results using research workbench, it is possible to build estimations matrix for decision support systems under unknown perturbation effects on the objects of critical application and fuzzy reasoning PMD. 2012-04-25T00:00:00Z http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2361 Назва: Техніко-економічне обґрунтування радіовимірювального приладу потужності оптичного випромінювання Автори: Деундяк, М.; Deundiak, M. Короткий огляд (реферат): Запропоновано новий високочутливий та точний засіб для перетворення оптичного випромінювання в частотний сигнал з подальшою його обробкою і виведенням на екран приладу. В статті визначено, що впровадження нового приладу дає суттєву умовну річну економію. Річний економічний ефект – 63 287,5 грн., термін окупності – місяць та коефіцієнт ефективності – 11,9, а також, супроводжується зниженням витрат по капітальних вкладеннях, при економії на експлуатаційних витратах. Це дозволяє вважати впровадження приладу економічно виправданим.; Radiomeasuring device of optical radiation power posseses better sensitivity, wider range, less errors, greater accuracy and wider operating frequency range. The basic elements of this devise are: optical-frequency converter, microcontroller, cymometer, transducers RS-232 and USB-RS-232. Our device allows transmitting signal in a distance. That is why it can be used in measuring of the optical power in telecommunications, communications, and industrial processes. The economic evaluations of the main technical parameters of the designed products are very important. In the article implementation of the new device which provides a substantial annual economic effect of 63 287,5 hrn is. analysed. The compensation period is 1 month and coefficient of efficiency is 11,9. Capital investments and operating expenses are substantially reduced. That is why the suggested device is economically justified. Implementation of radiomeasuring optical and frequency devices in economy will result in great economic benefit. Devices based on electrical measurement techniques provide distance control of technological processes, eliminate the need for human labor on harmful and dangerous jobs, can save production space, increase productivity and ensure continuous operation of the manufacturing process. Thus, advancement in their development and implementation in all branches of the economy is of great importance for establishments and enterprises of different forms of ownership in the instrument making and other industries that produce or operate similar machinery. 2012-06-22T00:00:00Z